Помогите с Английским

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спрашивает Millennium 03.02.2013 16:29 Ответов 2

Составить по 10 вопросов к тексту 1 и 2

Текст 1

Technical English is often said to be difficult to understand. At first sight this may seem true. There are a number of reasons why technical writing is rather difficult. It concerns first of all its vocabulary.
 The scientific and technological progress has enriched the vocabulary with a great deal of new words, new meanings and new word-combinations. Who today does notknow such words as computer, transistor, laser, etc? Scientists and technologists also use many ordinary, everyday word to denote new terminological meanings. For example, the words aroma, and charm with the meaning allractiveness are used to denote the physical characteristics of the quark, a fundamental physical particle.
 Each branch of science and technology has its own vocabulary (terminology). Many of them are formed on the basis of Greek or Latin words and are often international.
 Some technical words, such as power, roll, stress, strain movement, etc. borrowed from everyday English sometimes cause much greatek. difficulty than terminology. In addition to terms, a text on some special problem usually contains so-called learned words, such as approximate, compute, feasible, exclude, indicate, initiale, respectively, etc.
 As to the familiar grammatical patterns and models, they are the same as in everyday English. There is, certainly,  difference in the frequency with which certain grammatical forms occur.
 Scicntific and technical writing is usually about things, matter, natural processes, and it is impresonal in style. The Passive Voice of verb forms, the constructions Subject and Complex Object are frequently used. The first person singular is not generally used.
 Simple sentences are rarely used, for isolated facts or events are seldom dealt with by the engineer. He has the show what the connection is, not only what happens, but also how it happens, when it happens, why it happens, and what rs being effected.
 The style of most scientific texts, besides being imperso-, is also very concise. It is because the author-scientists is writing primarily for other scientists.
 Jn order to master technical English the learnen must first acquire a thorough knowledge of everyday literature English with its grammar, vocabulary and rules of word-formation. Then it will be easy for him to learn, step by step the peculiarities of technical EnglishU'lt should be born in mind, however, that understanding and translation … scientific-technical literature requires an additional training connected with knowledge of specific terminology.

 

Текст 2

Metals are materials most widely used in industry because of their properties. The study of the production and properties of metals is known as metallurgy.
The separation between the atoms in metals is small, so most metals are dense. The atoms are arranged regularly and сan slide over each other. That is why metals are malleable (can be deformed and bent without fracture) and ductile (can be drawn into wire). Metals vary greatly in their properties. For example, lead is soft and can be bent by hand, while iron can only be worked by hammering at red heat.
 The regular arrangement of atoms in metals gives them a crystalline structure, irregular crystals are called grains. The properties of the metals depend on the size, shape, orientation, and composition of these grains. In general, a metal with small grains will be harder and stronger than one with coarse grains.
 Heat treatment such as quenching, tempering, or annealing controls the nature of the grains and their size in the metal. Small amounts of other metals (less than 1 per cent) are often added to a pure metal. This is called alloying (легирование) and it changes the grain structure and properties of metals.
 All metals can be formed by drawing, rolling, hammering and extrusion, but some require hot-working.
Metals are subject to metal fatigue and to creep (the slowincrease in length under stress) causing deformation and failure. Both effects are taken into account by engineers when designing, for example, airplanes, gas-turbines, and pressure vessels for high-temperature chemical processes. Metals can be worked using machine-tools such as lathe, milling machine, shaper and grinder.
 The ways of working a metal depend on its properties. Many metals can be melted and cast in moulds, but special conditions are required for metals that react with air.


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  • Millennium Рейтинг: 0 07.08.2013 13:44

    Буду очень благодарен ...

  • ARNUDLO Рейтинг: 0 07.08.2013 13:44

    Текст 1

    1. What is often said about Technical English?

    2. Why technical writing is rather difficult? What is the first reason?

    3. The scientific and technological progress has enriched the vocabulary with a great deal of new words, new meanings and new word-combinations, Isn't it?

    4. What are scientists and technologists use every day?

    5. For what words aroma, and charm are usually used?

    6. What has it's own vocabulary (terminology)?

    7. There is a difference in the frequency with which certain grammatical forms occur, isn't it?

    8. Simple sentences are rarely used, aren't they?

    9. What is also very concise? Why?

    10. What is connected with knowledge of specific terminology?

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